The skin was once believed to be an impermeable barrier,
meaning that nothing placed on the body could get
through the skin to interfere with or affect things
inside the body. We now know this to be false. Nicotine
patches, heart medication, pain-relief creams, and, more
recently, birth control patches all rely on a
transdermal (through the skin) method of delivery to the
bloodstream. What most people don't realize is that the
skin's permeability is not selective.
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The same science that makes transdermal medications so
effective also applies to body care products. According
to Ruth Winter, M.S., author of A Consumer's Dictionary of Cosmetic
Ingredients, “It has now been determined that all
chemicals penetrate the skin to some extent, and many do
so in significant amounts.” This means the products we
use on our bodies are definitely being absorbed through
the skin and entering the bloodstream.
The Food and Drug Administration established regulations
for body care products, termed “cosmetics,” over 60
years ago, before skin absorption was known to be a
factor. In fact, the FDA defines cosmetics as “articles
which are intended to be rubbed, poured, sprinkled or
sprayed or introduced to, or otherwise applied to, the
human body for cleaning, beautifying, promoting
attractiveness or altering the appearance without
affecting the body's structure or function.” Because of
this outdated definition, cosmetic regulations are far
less stringent than they should be; the effects they may
have on the body are not taken into consideration at
all, even though the potential occurrence of these
effects is now certain. Winter explains, “Good tests are
available for skin penetration, yet they are rarely used
for cosmetics …What degree of absorption is there when a
cosmetic is left on the face (as a makeup base might be
for 12 hours) or spread over the entire body (as suntan
lotion may be)? What is the exposure to ingredients that
may be used over a number of years? … What of systemic
absorption, toxicity and chronic effects?”
The relatively lax regulations on cosmetics allow
companies to use any number of different chemicals in
their products, as long as they list the product's
ingredients on the package. Cosmetic companies generally
use chemicals in their products because they're very
inexpensive and can drastically extend a product's shelf
life. Unfortunately, while the use of these ingredients
may benefit cosmetic companies, it can be quite
detrimental to consumers. Since FDA regulations are
based on the incorrect idea that cosmetics do not
permeate the skin, ingredients that would not be allowed
in a product that’s meant for internal use are accepted
for cosmetic use by the FDA. This means that, although
chemicals with the potential to damage the body are
prominent in many products, they are not acknowledged as
dangerous.
Realizing how dangerous your body care products may be
is frightening, but there are many things you can do to
stay safe.
First, make sure you read the list of ingredients on a
product before you buy it. Many books, such as Winter’s
A Consumer’s Dictionary of Cosmetic Ingredients,
are available to help you inform yourself about what
ingredients are and how they may affect you. Keep in
mind that use of the word “natural” on a product label
does not guarantee anything; many supposedly natural
products are rife with chemicals, which is why reading
the ingredient list is important no matter what. Then,
now that you know what to watch out for and why,
consider replacing your current body care products with
more organic products today ... your body will thank you
for it.
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